jeudi 17 mai 2012

"Le gone du Chaâba" d' Azouz Begag par Mylène Ebad


J'ai lu "Le gone du Chaâba" écrit par Azouz Begag, publié aux éditions Points virgule. 

   Ses parents, immigrés d'origine algérienne (Messaouda et Bouzid Begag), se sont installés en France en 1949. Azouz Begag nait 8 ans plus tard (5 février 1957) à Villeurbanne, dans la banlieue de Lyon. Après avoir vécu 10 années à Villeurbanne, la famille déménage dans la cité de Duchère, toujours à Lyon. Très jeune, Azouz Begag, se passionne par la littérature et à 6 ans il rêve déjà d'être professeur.

En 1967 il étudie au collège Saint-Exupéry de la Croix-Rousse. Du 2 juin 2005 au 5 avril 2007, il est Ministre délégué à la Promotion de l'égalité des chances dans le gouvernement de Dominique de Villepin. Plus tard, il quitte cette fonction pour prendre une part active dans la campagne présidentielle de François Bayrou. Après des études d'économie, il est aujourd'hui chercheur au CNRS (Centre National de Recherche Scientifique) et exerce les fonctions de spécialiste en socio-économie pour la Maison des Sciences Sociales de Lyon ; il est aussi écrivain.
En 1986, il publie son premier roman "Le gone du Chaâba" qui a obtenu le Prix sorcières et le Prix Bobigneries. Ensuite, il a été adapté au cinéma par Christophe Ruggia en 1997. Depuis ce premier succès, Azouz Begag a publié une trentaine de livres dont la plupart sont destinés à la jeunesse (l'immigré et sa ville, béni ou le paradis privé, écarts d'identité, les voleurs d'écritures, la ville des autres, la force du berger, les tireurs d'étoiles, le temps des villages… Et bien d'autres encore).

 Le gone du Chaâba est un roman auto-biographique dont l’histoire se résume à une famille musulmane immigrée dans les années 1970.
Le livre commence par la vie habituelle que connaît le jeune Azouz qui a environ 12 ans. Sa famille et ses voisins vivent dans la banlieue de Lyon nommé le Chaâba. Tous se contentent de peu mais tous se déroule dans la joie et la bonne humeur. Tous les "gones" (enfants) vont à l'école ou travaillent pour des commerçants au marché au prix de quelques centimes par jour seulement. Azouz suit les cours de son école tous les jours, il veut être comme tous les français, être reconnu comme un français, ne pas être différent mais surtout bien travailler : viser la place du meilleur de la classe. Son père ayant des problèmes avec la justice est contraint de déménager avec sa famille, avec très peu d’argent…
La famille affronte une affreuse réalité : quitter le Chaâba, le lieu d’enfance des petits, les habitudes de la famille, l’attachement à cette banlieue ; comment va se passer cet atroce départ ? La famille arrivera-t-elle a s’intégrer dans la société française ? Mais surtout quel sera l’avenir du jeune Azouz dans une famille illettrée aux traditions musulmanes bien ancrées ?

 Ce livre m'a beaucoup plu, mais aussi il m'a touché. J'ai passé des heures entières à me consacrer à cette lecture sans pouvoir lâcher le livre tellement il m'absorbait. L'auteur raconte son histoire avec une telle fluidité et facilité (alors que ce sont des situations difficiles) que je ne pouvais m'arrêter de lire. Il a très bien retranscrit l'univers des banlieues, le problème de l'immigration, l'intégration de la violence ou de la pauvreté avec des mots simples mais percutants, c'est ce que j'ai adoré, qui m'a captivé tout au long de l’histoire. Chaque personnage a un rôle bien à lui et important, ce qui ne nous apporte pas toute l’attention sur Azouz, donc cela devient plus attachant. Malgré cela, mon personnage préféré est bien Azouz ; il montre tant de volonté à s’intégrer dans cette société qui le renie, il est très attendrissant. Très jeune il arrive à faire la part des choses entre la vie qu’il mène à la maison si différente de celle qui l’entoure en dehors, à l’école. J’ai adoré !

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